锚杆支护的砌体梁作用原理及其应用

Function principle and application of lining beam with bolt support

为了更好地使用锚杆支护技术,提出锚杆支护的砌体梁作用原理,并应用岩体力学、材料力学理论对地下岩块的受力状态和稳定性进行分析。将砌体梁的作用原理对各类巷道、硐室、煤仓和地面建筑物加固进行了试验和应用,特别在断层带和围岩不完整的岩体中。在应用中,采用倒楔式金属锚杆和管缝式金属锚杆,根据断层情况需要增加锚固的强度,加以注浆充填岩体的裂缝和眼孔空隙,增强砌块(岩块)的抗剪切能力。经过多年试验应用,证实只要锚固巷道顶板相对稳定的岩层,就能达到巷道稳固,减少不必要的锚固深度。砌体梁作用原理可进一步应用在受采动影响较大的巷道及断层、裂隙发育的岩层中,同样可以使用锚杆支护,达到很好的实用效果。

In order to better apply the bolt support technology, the paper provided the function principle of the lining beam with bolt support. With the rock mechanics, material mechanics and underground stress, the paper analyzed the stressed status and stability of the rock strata. The function principle of the lining beam was tested and applied to the reinforcement of the different mine roadway, mine chamber, coal bunker and surface buildings and was specially applied to the uncompleted rock mass of the fault zone and surrounding rocks. The reverse wedge type metal bolt and slot tube bolt were adopted to the above applications. According to the fault conditions, if it was necessary to increase the bolting strength, the grouting could be applied to fill the fissures and caves of the rock mass in order to improve the shearing capacity of the lining blocks （or rocks）. With the several year tests and applications, the results showed that with the relative stable strata, the bohed gateway roof could reach the stability of the gateway and could reduce the bolting depth. The function principle of the lining beam could be further applied to the gateway, fault and cracking developed rock strata influenced by the mining activities. Also with the bolt support, the function principle of the lining beam could have a good application results and good economic benefits.