靖远矿区采煤沉陷区复垦综合评价方法研究

A Study on Comprehensive Assessment Method of Reclamation in Jingyuan Coal Mining Subsidence Area

以靖远矿区为例,从土地复垦和恢复生态学的角度出发,建立了靖远矿区采煤沉陷区复垦综合评价系统,选择土壤条件(土层厚度、土壤质地、有机质含量、土壤水分)、地形改造条件(地面坡度、地表破坏程度、改造难易程度)、气候及水文条件(年降雨量、灌溉条件)作为分类及评价因子对复垦潜力进行评价。将采煤沉陷地分为四种潜力区,对每种潜力类型区的复垦开发利用方向进行了优化设计,从理论上和实践上对靖远矿区采煤沉陷地的复垦能力以及复垦过程中用地结构的优化作了探讨,以期对当地沉陷地的复垦提供一定的科学依据。

To take the Jingyuan mining area as an example, on the view of land reclamation and restoration ecology, established a comprehensive assessment system of the mining subsidence area, assessed the reclamation potential while to take the soil condition （soil thickness, quality, organic matter content, soil moisture）, landform alteration condition （surface slope, destruction extent, alteration difficulty）, climate and hydrological conditions （annual precipitation, irrigation condition） as classification and assessment factors. Four potential typed regions were divided, optimum design of reclamation development and utilization orientation for every potential typed region, theoretically and practically discussed subsidence area reclamation capability and land use structure optimization, in the hope of to provide scientific basis for subsidence area reclamation.