有机肥基质对辣椒苗期生长及病害发生的影响

Effects of Organic Fertilizer Substrates on Growth and Pathogenesis of Pepper Seedling

以鸡粪、食用菌下脚料、草炭、蛭石为供试材料,按体积比2∶3∶2∶3和2∶3∶0∶5分别复配成基质A和基质B,以1∶5的草炭和蛭石作为对照1(CK1),以菜园土为对照2(CK2),通过人工接种发病的方式,研究了盆栽条件下不同基质对辣椒苗期生长与发病的影响。结果表明:基质A的辣椒出苗率为99.7%,与CK1无明显差异,但显著高于CK2。盆栽30 d后辣椒的干物重、根活性等以基质A为最高,基质B次之。基质A和基质B对辣椒苗期猝倒病均具明显的抑制作用,发病率均显著低于两个对照。

Using chicken waste, edible fungi waste, grass ashes and vermiculite as the tested materials, substrate A and B were respectively made by mixing above materials at volume ratio of 2：3：2：3 and 2：3：0：5. Control I（CK1 ）was the mixture of grass ashes and vermiculite at ratio of 1：5, while control 2 （CK2）was vegetable garden soil. The effects of different substrates on the growth and pathogenesis of pepper seedling inoculated with pathogens artificially were studied under pot culture condition. The results showed that the emergence rate of pepper seedlings on substrate A was 99.7%, which was insignificantly different from that on CK1, but signifi- cantly higher than that on CK2. The dry weight and root activity of pepper seedling on substrate A after 30 days＇ culture were the highest, followed by those on substrate B. Substrate A and B could inhibit damping - off disease of pepper, which incidence rate was much less than two controls.