稻田持续处理规模化养殖场废弃物能力及安全性研究

Study on Capacity and Security of Consecutive Disposing Waste of Large-scale Farm by Paddy Field

以猪粪和牛粪为试验材料,采用大田试验测试稻田处理养殖场废弃物(粪便)的能力,并对养殖场废弃物(粪便)产生的污染风险进行分析。本季试验是在持续两季高量施用养殖场废弃物(粪便)的基础上进行的,研究结果表明:施用猪粪时,P4(猪粪处理量60000 kg/hm2)处理植株干物质重达到最大值,施用牛粪时,植株干物质重一直在增加,但是继续增加的潜力不大;随着粪便处理量的增加土壤氮磷含量、氮磷残留量会明显增加,环境污染的潜在风险增加;对田面水氮磷含量动态变化研究表明,施肥后7 d内是控制氮磷流失的关键时期,应当采取有效措施降低环境污染风险。

Pig manure and cattle manure were selected as the experimental materials, the capacity for disposing the waste of large scale farm was studied through field experiment and the contamination risk was analyzed. The results indicated that the dry matter weight of field paddy no longer rase when the amount of pig manure was beyond 60000 kg/hm^2 , while it kept rising with slight potentiality under cattle manure. Along with the increase of application of manure, the total N and P residue amount in paddy field soil rase rapidly and the potential environmental contamination risk also rase obviously. The study on the total N and P in surface water of paddy field showed that the first seven days after applying manure was the key period to prevent the loss of the N and P, thus effective measures should be taken to reduce the environmental contamination risk.