质点模型/曲率模型与物质波的问答

Qs/As on Particle Model/Curvature Model and Material Wave

虽然粒子具有的"形"与该粒子在空间的位置分布是两个不同的概念,但通常在你讨论粒子的"位置"分布时,就隐含有经典力学中的一个概念———"形的大小忽略不计"。所以经典力学是质点力学,所谓粒子的位置分布就是质点的位置分布。量子力学在讨论原子问题时,质点抽象原则不适用,用物质波波长为微观客体建构的"形"不能忽略不计。用曲率模型取代点模型,则薛定谔方程既可描述单粒子的粒子性和波动性,也可以描述粒子系综。

As we know, the shape a particle has and the position distribution of the particle in space carry two different concepts. When discussing position distribution of the particle, we may find out a concept implied in classical mechanics, i.e. size of shape is neglected. Classical mechanics is therefore particle mechanics, and the so-called position distribution of particle refers to that of material point. In terms of quantum mechanics, the principle of material point abstraction does not apply, in discussing problems of atoms. The shape can be neglected when built by micro object as wavelength of material wave. In case curvature model replaces point model, Schroding erequation can be either described as particle features and fluctuation features of a single particle or as particle ensemble.