西方“人文精神”的历史内涵及其三重性——“人文主义”与“人文精神”的内在联系

Historical Connotation and Tripility of Western "Humanistic Spirit"——Intrinsic Link of "Humanism" and "Humanistic Spirit"

"人文主义"在于倡导人们接受文明熏陶,尊重人的人格和尊严,具有较强的历史性和现实针对性。"人文精神"不仅包含了"人文主义"所指(即通过教养脱离自然和野蛮,从而感觉到自己的人格和尊严),而且也包含了对于整个社会的一种理想的文明状态的描述和追求;不仅具有客体归约性、主体自觉性和实践性,而且具有审美性,内涵着工具理性、实践理性与价值理性三重性。因此,不能片面强调"人文精神"的实践理性、价值理性而忽视其工具理性。

＂Humanism＂ is to promote people＇s acceptance of the influence of civilization and their respect for human dignity,so it has strong historical and realistic significance. ＂Humanistic spirit＂ includes not only what ＂humanism＂ means （i.e. to break away from nature and barbarism through cultivation and to be aware of one＇s personality and dignity）,but also the description and pursuit of an ideal civilization state. It has the characteristics of object reduction,subject consciousness,practicality as well as aesthetics,including tools rationality,practical rationality and value rationality. Therefore ,we can＇t put undue emphasis on practical rationality and value rationality of ＂humanistic spirit＂; we should should pay more attention to tools rationality.