明代宋史学者的多元化史料观

The Pluralic Historical Literature View of the Ming Dynasty’s Scholars on the History of the Song Dynasty

明代学者从事宋史撰述的取材范围,业已打破仅凭主流文献——《宋史》等主要文献的单一格局,开始自觉适应宋史史料的发展趋势,扩充史料的利用范围。不但广泛搜集传统史料,其中涉及编年、纪传、政书、野史笔记、方志、传记、诏令奏议、类书、史评、文集等各类史料;而且扩充新史料,开拓以往学者不太注意的碑铭、志文、语录、策问、诗丈、题咏等史料群,挖掘各类史料的特有价值,立足研究重点,择取所需,也关注宋史研究的新动态,借鉴吸收本朝人的最新成果,充分显示了其多元化史料观。明代宋史学者开阔的史料学理念保证了宋史著述的质量,为我国宋史研究做出了重大贡献。

The scholars working on the study of the Song Dynasty history in the Ming Dynasty have enlarged the scope of available literature, that is, they broke the single structure of relying only on the mainstream documents such as Book of the Song Dynasty History and began consciously to adopt to the development trend of the historical literature of the Song Dynasty history to enrich the available literature scope. They not only collected extensively the traditional historical literature such as chronicle, biographic history, political books, notes, local records, biographies, memorial to the throne, encyclopedias, historical assessment, collection and other historical materials, but also on the basis of making use of different literature＇ s particular value and of the research focus they enlarged and explored the new historical literature scope such as the inscriptions, quotes, Ci, poetry, and songs, to which little attention was paid by the past scholars. They also concerned on the new study developments in the Song Dynasty history and absorbed the latest achievements from other scholars in the Ming Dynasty. All of which demonstrated their pluralic historical literature view, which in turn guaranteed the quality of the history writing of the Song Dynasty and made a significant contribution to China＇ s historical research of the Song Dynasty.