集体记忆的改写和重构——“十七年”革命回忆录写作的文学生产策略

Reconstruction and Rewriting of Collective Memory——Literature Production Strategy in the Writing of the Revolutionary Reminiscences of the 17 Years

"十七年"是一个文学"一体化"的时代,革命回忆录作为一种"一体化"特征极其明显的文类,具有两个明显的特点:写作者身份的真实和叙述手段的虚构。这两个特点在文学生产过程中策略性地结合,起到了改写和重构集体记忆的作用。从"十七年"革命回忆录书写中代表性文本以及生产过程可以看出,革命回忆录的书写与生产是个不断修改的过程,出现了作为精神符号的"榜样"与"典型",出现了集体作者及读者与作者的合谋。这种特殊的写作模式对"十七年"公共记忆形成所起到的作用是:以多方位的集体叙事强化记忆,创立一种群体性的文艺生产方式,在新的政治一体化语境中建构了一个新的历史主体——人民大众。

＂The 17 years＂ is the period for only one single hterature style. As one literature form with an extreme explicit feature of it, revolutionary manifest two obvious features of the writers＇ real identity and the fiction of the narration. The tactful combination of these two features in the literature production contributes to the rewriting and reconstructon of the collective memory. From the typical texts of this kind of literature style and their production processes, it can be found that the writing and the production of revolutionary reminiscences are a continuous process accompanied with the appearance of spiritual symbol of model and prototype and the collective writers and the conspiracy of writers and readers. The roles that this particular writing style plays in the formation of the collective memory of the 17 years can be summarized as enforcing the collective memory by the means of multi-dimentional narration, creating one kind of collective literature production means, and constructing a new history subject of the common people in the new integrated political context.