论我国独立量刑程序的建构

On Establishing Seprarate Process of Sentence in China

量刑程序有英美法系的独立量刑程序和大陆法系的混合量刑程序之分。20世纪中叶以来,大陆法系国家开始出现向独立量刑程序转变的趋势。独立量刑程序阻隔了纯粹的量刑证据对法官心证的不当影响,符合"先罪后刑"的诉讼逻辑,有助于正确评估被告人的人身危险性,给予了控辩双方和被害人更多的参与量刑的权利和机会,因而更有利于量刑实体公正和程序公正的实现。随着我国对量刑公正的日益重视以及证据规则的逐步完善,有必要确立这一程序。我国刑事司法实践中的普通程序简易审、缓刑听证等实际上已经开始了创设该程序的初步尝试。与定罪程序相比,独立量刑程序应具有程序简化、证据规则宽松、证明标准较低、法官积极主动等特点。

Sentencing process mode includes separate process of sentence and mixed process of sentence. The former exists in case law countries, while the latter exists in civil law countries. Separate process of sentence is in favor of realizing substantial justice and procedural justice because of its reasonability. Along with the evidence roles being established and people thinking much of justice of sentencing process gradually, it is necessary to establish separate process of sentence in our country. Chinese criminal trail judges have begun to do this. Comparing with convicting process, the characteristics of separate process of sentence should be its simplified process, loose evidence rules, lower proof standard and judge＇s positivity.