从外生到内生:基于农村金融制度变迁视角的分析

From Exogenous to Endogenous:an Analysis from the Perspective of Transition of Rural Financial Institution

农村金融发展中基于外生成长模式导致了一些问题:农业的现实投入与农村经济需求不相称,农业金融制度成为制约农业和农村经济发展的瓶颈;现阶段农村金融机构组织体系的不完整和功能的不健全,表现出明显的制度缺陷;农村信用社存在诸多制度、资金上的问题。而改革开放以来,农村金融制度变迁中也出现了一些具有代表意义的现象:国有农村金融的刚性退出,农村合作金融的改制困境,乡村集体金融的被迫关闭,农村民间金融的异常活跃。因此,农村金融改革应该换个角度,从农村金融市场层次划分、农村金融机构功能重构、农村金融体系重构三个方面来看,内生成长模式最终成为农村金融发展的必然结果。

From the perspective of transition of rural financial institution, this paper, combining the interactive relationship between the nation and the farmer households in the rural financial institution arrangement, analyzes the main characteristics of the rural financial mode in our country at present and in the future, discusses the basic problems owing to exogenous growth mode in the process of the rural financial development and the representative phenomena in the transition of the rural financial institution. The paper concludes that the formation of endogenous financial growth mode is the inevitable consequence of the transition of the rural financial institution.