北京市朝阳区肺结核病患者细菌学检验结果分析

Analysis of bacteriology test result of pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Chaoyang District of Beijing

目的:分析肺结核病患者细菌学检验结果,探讨提高抗酸杆菌检出率的措施。方法:对患者痰标本进行涂片镜检和分枝杆菌培养,并对结果进行统计学分析。结果:共有2380份痰标本同时进行涂片和培养,涂阳率23.8%,其中初诊患者涂阳率31.5%,复诊患者涂阳率10.5%;培阳率26.6%,其中初诊患者培阳率37.8%,复诊患者培阳率7.4%;初诊患者培阳率与涂阳率之间的差异和复诊患者涂阳率与培阳率之间的差异均有统计学意义。复诊患者与初诊患者标本在涂阳率、培阳率上的差异均有统计学意义。培养和涂片联合检出阳性率28.9%,其中初诊患者阳性率38.8%,复诊患者阳性率11.9%。初诊患者菌落出现平均时间为31.7 d,复诊患者平均时间41.0 d,差异有统计学意义。结论:培养阳性检出率优于涂片检查,两者联合应用的阳性检出率优于其中任何一种方法,初诊病人的痰检阳性率及培养菌落出现平均时间均优于复诊病人。

Objective：To analyze bacteriology test result of positive rate of the sputum examination.Methods：Sputum samples were tested by smear slide microscopy and culture method,and the result of the test were analyzed statistically.Results：The 2380 sputum samples were tested by smear slide microscopy and culture method simultaneously,the total smear-positive rate of sputum was 23.8%,the smear-positive rate of the first visit cases was 31.5%,the smear-positive rate of the return visit cases was 10.5%;The total culture-positive rate of sputum was 26.6%,the culture-positive rate of the first visit cases was 37.8%,the culture-positive rate of the return visit cases was 7.4%;There was significant difference between the smear-positive rate and the culture-positive rate of the first visit cases,and the difference between the smear-positive rate and the culture-positive rate of the return visit cases was significant too.The positive rate of total samples tested by smear or culture was 28.9%,the positive rate of the first visit cases was 39.8%,and the positive rate of the return visit cases was 11.9%.It was average 31.7 days when the colonies of samples of the first visit cases emerged,and it was 41.0 days when the colonies of samples of the return visit cases emerged,the difference was significant.Conclusion：The sensitivity of sputum culture is much better than that of smear slide microscopy method.The positive rate tested by two methods is better than anyone of the two methods.The positive rate and average time colonies emerged of the first visit cases were better than that of the return visit cases.