某社区老年人冬季PM2.5和CO及O_3暴露水平评价

Assessment of Exposure to PM2.5,CO and O_3 for Elders in a Community in Winter in Beijing Using Microenvironment Measurements and Time-Activity Data

目的评价北京市某社区老年人冬季 PM2.5、CO 和 O_3三种污染物的暴露水平。方法于2007年11月28日-2008年1月17日,采用 PM2.5、CO 和 O_3个体采样器,对北京某社区老年人的10处主要活动场所(室内地点:居室、厨房、医院、菜市场、超市;室外地点:社区内室外、社区小花园、社区操场、交通要道旁、街边公园)进行污染物浓度监测,并采用活动日志收集该社区30名老年人的24 h 活动模式,对老年人 PM2.5、CO 和 O_3的24 h 个体平均暴露浓度进行计算和评价。结果老年人 PM2.5、CO 和 O_3的24 h 个体平均暴露浓度分别为(146.54±6.60)μg/m^3,(2.67±0.18)mg/m^3和(32.30±2.79)μg/m^3;不同性别老年人 CO 24 h 个体平均暴露浓度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而 PM2.5和 O_3 24 h 个体平均暴露浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论该社区老年人冬季 PM2.5的24 h 个体平均暴露浓度较高,而 CO 和 O_3的24 h个体平均暴露浓度较低,提示大气 PM2.5可能是冬季影响该社区老年人健康的主要污染物。

Objective To estimate the exposure level of PM2.5, CO and O3 in the elders in a community in Beijing. Methods The concentrations of PM2.5, CO and O3 in 10 main activity sites of the elders were measured and 24 h time-activity data of 30 elders was collected by recording of activity log paper, Nov.28, 2007--Jan.17, 2008. Results The 24 h average exposure concentrations of PM2.5, CO and O3 for the elders were （146.54 ＋6.60）p,g/m3, （2.67 ±0.18 ）mg/m^3 and （32.30±2.79）ug/m^3, respectively, there was no significant difference in the exposure level of PM2.5 and O3 between male and female elders except CO （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The results of the present paper indicates that PM2.5 is the main pollutant which may impact eiders health in winter in this community in Beijing.