花椒籽油提取工艺研究

Extraction of Oil from Prickly Ash Seeds

以花椒籽为原料,考察了提取剂、提取温度、提取时间和料液比对索氏提取法提取花椒籽油提取率的影响。试验结果表明,石油醚是最适宜的提取剂,单因素试验还表明,花椒籽油提取率随着提取温度和时间的延长而增加,但料液比对花椒油提取率的影响并不明显。正交试验的结果表明,花椒籽油的最佳提取工艺条件为:提取温度85℃,提取时间2 h,料液比1∶6,其中提取温度对花椒籽油提取率的影响最大,其次是提取时间,影响最小的是料液比。

The effects of solvent, extraction temperature, extraction time and seeds/solvent ratio on the yield of prickly ash （Zanthoxylum bungeanum） seed oil were investigated. Results show as follows： Petroleum ether （b. p. 60 90 ℃ ） is the most suitable solvent for the Soxhlet extraction. The oil yield increases with increasing extract/on temperature and extraction time, and is not obviously affected by seeds/solvent ratio. The condition parameters for the Soxhlet extraction optimized with orthogonal experiment design are as follows： temperature 85 ℃, time 2h, seeds/solvent （g/mL） ratio 1：6. The effects of the factors on the yield of prickly ash seed oil rank in the following order： extraction temperature 〉 extrac- tion time 〉 seeds/solvent ratio.