不同品种(系)红花籽粕营养品质分析

Nutrition Quality Analyse of Safflower Seed Meals from Various Varieties/Lines

为了评价红花籽粕蛋白质的营养价值,通过化学分析法研究了原产于15个国家的20份红花品种(系)籽粕的蛋白质和氨基酸及其组成。结果表明:粗蛋白(CP)平均含量为13.69%。17种氨基酸中谷氨酸、天冬氨酸、赖氨酸和精氨酸含量丰富,而组氨酸、半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸含量较少。必需氨基酸(EAA)和总氨基酸(TAA)含量分别为3.14%和8.41%,EAA/TAA为38.26%,EAA/CP为23.13%。氨基酸评分(AAS)表明,异亮氨酸和亮氨酸评分平均值最低,分别为56.20%和56.03%,因此异亮氨酸和亮氨酸分别是第1和第2限制性氨基酸;必需氨基酸指数(EAAI)平均为55.73%。5份材料的异亮氨酸含量相对较高,其AAS均在60%以上;6份材料的EAAI较高,均大于60%,具有较为平衡的氨基酸组成;15份材料EAA/TAA超过36%,是优质蛋白红花品种。结论:红花籽粕粗蛋白含量较高,与FAO/WHO模式相比,供试材料中存在部分优质营养品质资源。

To evaluate the nutritional value of safflower （Carthamus tinctorius L. ） seed meal, of different varieties or lines from 15 countries were studied for their protein contents and amino acid are as follows： The average crude protein（CP） content of the tested materials is 13.69% Among 20 safflower materials compositions. Results the 17 detected amino acids, the contents of Glu, Asp, Lys and Arg are relatively high, whereas the contents of His, Cys and Met are relatively low. The average contents of essential amino acids （EAA） and total amino acids （TAA） are 3.14 % and 8.41%, respec- tively. The ratio of essential amino acids to total amino acids is 38.26%, and the ratio of essential amino acids to total pro- tein is 23.13%. The average amino acid scores （AAS） of Ile and Leu are the lowest,56.20% and 56.03%, respective- ly, indicating that Ile and Leu is the first and second limiting amino acids, respectively. The average of essential amino acid indexes （EAAI） is 55.73. Among the tested materials, the contents of Ile in 5 accessions are relatively high with AAS of Ile above 60% ; the EAAI of 6 accessions are above 60%, indicating a rather balanceable composition of amino acids. Fifteen wheat accessions are detected to be of good protein quality, and their ratios of essential amino acids to total amino acids are above 36%. It is concluded that compared with FAO/WHO pattern, a part of the tested materials are good nutrition sources.