Fairclough的话语观:引进与诠释

Fairclough’s Views on Discourse:Introduction and Interpretation

Fairclough(1989)提出话语的社会理论和话语分析的社会取向,为批判话语分析(CDA)的发展作出了重大贡献。在早期文献中,他以系统功能语言学为基础,分析并揭示话语的社会实践性。后来,Fairclough(1992,1995,1999)发展CDA,指出CDA不仅要揭示话语与权利、意识形态等之间的关系,还要证明,作为意识形态介入和权利斗争的场所,话语组成并建构社会现实、人际关系、知识和信仰,参与并促进社会和文化变迁。Fairclough提出的话语的三维概念和CDA的三维分析框架体现出语言学和社会学理论的有效结合。对Fairclough话语观的理解和诠释可以增强我们对社会变革的再认识,从而积极地参与到社会生活的变迁之中。

Fairclough （1989） sets out his socially-oriented tbeory of discourse and discourse analysis. He contributes greatly to the development of Conversational Discourse Analysis （CDA）. In his early critical linguistic works, a variety of textual examples are analyzed to illustrate the social practice of discourse by applying systemic-functional grammar. Later, Fairclough （1992, 1995, 1999） explains and elaborates some advances in CDA, showing not only how the analytical framework for investigating language in relation to power and ideology developed, but also how CDA is useful in disclosing the discursive nature of contemporary social and cultural change. As a site of power, of struggle and ideology, discourse constructs social reality, relationships, systems of knowledge and belief. His three-dimensional conception of discourse and analysis reflects the combination of linguistics and social theories. The understanding and interpretation of CDA can help us further understand social reform and enable us to participate in it.