刈割对禾草生长的影响

Effects of Cutting on Grass Growth

刈割对禾草产量的影响因禾草种类、环境条件和刈割高度、时间、频率等不同而异;刈割后禾草再生消耗贮藏的非结构性碳水化合物,使得刈割后禾草生长初期非结构性碳水化合物迅速下降,但关于贮藏的非结构性碳水化合物在禾草再生中的作用仍存在争议;刈割后禾草根部贮藏的碳水化合物用于再生,因此刈割对根的生长产生抑制作用;刈割能改善禾草的品质,并影响禾草中生物碱含量的变化;刈割对禾草病害的影响具有双重性,适宜的刈割能增强禾草的活力,抑制禾草虫害的发生;刈割改变了禾草和杂草之间的竞争关系,合理的刈割能有效的防治杂草。

Research progress in the effects of cutting on grass growth was reviewed and key areas for further study was suggested. Effects of cutting on herbage dry matter yields depend on kinds of grass, environment, stubble height, cutting time and frequency. Total nonstructural carbohydrate （TNC） decrease immediately in both stem bases and roots of grass after cutting; however, the importance of TNC reserves in controlling regrowth following herbage removal is a controversial topic in grassland management. Partial removal of ahoveground results in less assimilation allocated in root, and so it inhibits the growth of root development. Cutting can improve grass quality and effect toxic alkaloid concentration in grass. Cutting has dual effects on grass disease, and proper cutting can strengthen the vigor of grasses, so it can reduce the occurrence of pest. Cutting changes the competitive relationship between grasses and weeds, reseaonable cutting can control weeds effectively. In addition, whether the cut matter is moved from the grassland is controversial.