骨肉瘤动物模型构建的实验学特点

Experimental characteristics of creating animal models of osteosarcoma

目前对骨肉瘤的发病及其转移发展以及肿瘤耐药性等仍然了解甚少。通过肿瘤动物模型来对其进行进一步研究,可以更好的推动骨肉瘤治疗。目前常用的骨肉瘤动物模型有小鼠、大鼠、兔、犬等。大鼠器官与人类相似,基因型与人类也相近。犬类可自发骨肉瘤,与人类有一定的相似,常用作自发性肿瘤模型。但肿瘤模型与人类肿瘤在生物学特性、致病机制、组织学等方面尚存在一定差别。随着研究的进一步深入,必将有越来越多符合人类骨肉瘤特点的新型动物模型得到应用。本文主要从骨肉瘤动物模型的建立方法、模型特点及具体应用等方面进行综述。

Presently, studies of onset, development and tumor drug resistance of osteosarcoma were few. Further studies on tumor animal models can provide a promising basis for treating osteosarcoma. Commonly used animal models of osteosarcoma include mouse, rat, rabbit and dog. Organs of rats are similar to human, so does genotype. Dogs can spontaneously develop osteosarcoma, which is similar to human, and are frequently used as spontaneous tumor models. However, there are some differences in biological features, pathogenic mechanism and histology. With the development of studying, there will be more and more new animal models in accordance with human osteosarcoma characteristics. The present study served to review methods of establishing models, characteristics and detailed application of animal models of osteosarcoma.