科学、科学家与公共决策：研究综述

Science,the Scientist,and Public Policy Making:The History and Literature Review

科学家在公共决策中的参与问题是政策界和理论界关注的热点问题。本文简单回顾了二战以来科学家作为政策过程主体参与公共决策的情况,系统梳理了相关研究进展。本文发现,理论界对科学家政策参与问题的研究主要集中在政治学、科学技术与社会研究以及知识运用理论三个领域,科学家参与公共决策的原因、作用、机制和影响因素等问题是相关研究的重点。文章最后归纳了现有研究的一般特点,并指出了我国开展相关研究的可行方向。

The participation of scientists in the public policy making is a hot topic among the decision makers and the academe. Following a brief introduction of the history of scientists＇ participation in the public policy making after World War Ⅱ, the paper makes a comprehensive literature review in this area. With the great effort of scholars in political science, scientific, techno- logical and social research, and knowledge utilization theory, many important issues have been explored. The causes, roles, mechanisms and influential determinants of the scientists＇ public policymaking participation are the foci of the literatures. The characteristics of current research, as well as the possible direction of future research in China, are summarized in the end of the paper