种植条件下降雨灌溉入渗试验研究

Experimental Research on Rainfall and Irrigation Infiltration under the Condition of Planting

基于清水河平原头营和黑城试验场降雨(灌溉)入渗过程土壤水分运移观测试验数据的分析研究,笔者应用能量观点描述了包气带水分运移的分带性、降雨(灌溉)入渗补给地下水的水分条件和地下水入渗补给过程的基本特征。应用蒸散量模型、土壤水分通量模型,计算了作物生长期的蒸发蒸腾量、土壤贮水量的变化量、400cm深度处的土壤水分渗漏量及渗漏系数。从多年的角度分析了深层土壤水分渗漏量、渗漏系数与地下水入渗补给量和补给系数的关系。它对分析降雨(灌溉)入渗对地下水的补给过程和定量分析地下水入渗补给量、入渗补给系数具有重要价值。

Based on an analysis of observation data obtained from Tonying and Heicheng experimental fields in Qingshuihe plain in the process of rainfall （irrigation） infiltration, this paper described the vertical zonality characteristics of water migration in the unsaturated zone, moisture condition of rainfall （irrigation） recharging groundwater, and basic characteristics of the groundwater recharge process from the point of view of energy. With the evapotranspiration model and the soil moisture flux plane model, the authors calculated crop evapotranspiration, change of soil pondage, and leakage and leakage factors at the depth of 400 cm, and analyzed the relationship of soil water leakage, leakage factors of the deep layer and groundwater recharge and coefficients of recharge from the angle of many years. The results will help the analyzing process of rainfall （irrigation） recharging groundwater, and also contribute to analyzing groundwater recharge and coefficients of recharge in a quantitative way.