开设老年人家庭病床10年的实践和体会

Ten year practice and experiences in operating elderly home care beds

南京军区总医院从１９８６年起开设老年家庭病床，取得良好效果。本文作者以１０年前开设家庭病床时的８５位患者为例，分析了老年病人的特点，例如健康水平低、应急能力差、患病情况复杂、居住地分散等；总结了该院以新的模式为老年患者服务的经验，如为每位患者建立医疗健康档案、设立医疗点实行综合性医疗保健服务、把抢救措施放在第一位、做好年度体检、加强健康教育、开展心理疏导、组织进行各种健身活动等。１０年来医院与老年病人间建立了新型的医患关系，方便了患者，减少了就医和住院人次，有效地控制了疾病的发生发展，使急症和危重病人得到了及时的救治。

The General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command has set up elderly home care beds since 1986 and accomplished good results. These authors take the sample of 85 old patients admitted 10 years ago and have analyzed the features of old patients, such as lower health status, poor reaction capacity, complexity of illness, and scattered inhabitation. They sum up their experiences as the new service model for elderly patients, i.e., medical documentation for every patient, establishment of medical station where comprehensive health care services are provided, emphasized provision of psychiatric health education, and organizing a variety of fitness activities. In this way the hospital has started a fresh type of medicalpatient relationship and offered the patients much convenience. The volume of outpatients and inpatients is also reduced significantly, and some diseases are effectively controlled so that the urgent and severe cases are managed timely.