转基因林木中安全标记基因的研究进展

Progress in Research of Transgenic Trees by Use of Selective Biosafety Marker Genes

近年来,林木转基因研究进展迅速。但是,由于基因工程技术中使用选择标记基因可能对生态、环境、非靶标生物等带来危害,标记基因的安全性问题已越来越受到人们的关注。据报道在基因工程研究特别是植物转基因研究中使用安全标记基因遗传转化系统方面已作了大量尝试。本文主要综述林木植物转基因研究中应用安全标记基因遗传转化系统的研究现状,重点介绍了正选择标记的使用,可重组系统去除标记基因,利用位点特异性重组去除叶绿体DNA中标记基因的叶绿体遗传转化表达载体系统,及未来基于高转化率和大量快捷PCR筛选的完全无选择标记基因的遗传转化体系等研究进展与应用前景。

The rapid progress of genetic transformation in forest trees has been made in recent years. However, people pay more and more attention to security of selective marker genes used in genetic engineering technology which may be harmful to the ecological, environmental, and other non-target organisms. It was reported that lots of experimental works had been already made in the genetic engineering of transgenic plants in particular on the use of selective safety marker genes. This paper summarizes the progress and the future oftransgenic forest trees on the application of the genetic transformation system with selective safety marker genes and the focus is on the choice of the use of positive selective safety marker genes, removal of selective marker genes in the recombination system, the use of removal of selective marker genes by the site-specific recombination of the expression vector system in chloroplast genetic transformation and the system of genetic transformation with no selective marker genes based on the high ratio of transformation and a fast PCR screening.