BMP/bFGF生物活性材料修复关节软骨损伤的实验研究

Experimental study on repair of cartilage defects with combined BMP/bFGF biomaterial

[目的]探讨骨形态发生蛋白(bone morphogenetic protein,BMP)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(basic fi-broblast growth factor,bFGF)生物材料在关节软骨缺损修复过程中的作用,为内源性修复关节软骨缺损提供实验基础。[方法]取24只14龄成年大白兔随机分成4组,每只动物于双侧膝关节股骨膑股关节面制备直径5mm全层关节软骨缺损模型。钻通骨髓腔。A组应用BMP/bFGF生物活性材料,B组应用BMP生物活性材料,C组应用bFGF生物活性材料,D组单纯应用生物蛋白胶材料。于8、12、24周在大体,光镜及电镜下观察损伤修复效果,组织学评分。[结果]A组于8、12周时,软骨缺损被白色半透明坚硬组织平滑修复,富有光泽,24周时修复组织正常软骨边界模糊,连接紧密,质地坚硬,表面平滑光润。B、C组于8、12、24周时候均未见软骨缺损完全修复,边界清楚,中央凹陷明显残留。D组全程均未见软骨修复。组织学平分A组明显优于B、C、D组,而B、C组之间无差别。[结论]BMP/bFGF生物活性材料可以有效修复兔大面积关节软骨损伤,疗效明显优于单独应用骨形态发生蛋白或碱性成纤维细胞生长因子,为关节软骨损伤治疗提供新的治疗方法。

[ Objective ] To study the repair of articular cartilage defects with combined bone morphogenetic protein （BMP）/ basic fibroblast growth factor （bFGF） biomaterial in order to supply experimental basis for repairing cartilage defects biologically. [ Method ] Twenty-four 14-week-old rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, BMP/bFGF biomaterial gel （group A）, BMP biomaterial gel （group B） , bFGF biomaterial gel（ group C） and simple fibrin glue treated group （group D）. A couple of knees of each rabbit experienced 5 mm-diameter-full cartilage resection and drilling throuth of bone marrow. Gross appearance, histologicol section and electron microscope were axamined at 8,12,24 weeks after operation. [ Result] In group A the cartilage defects were smoothly repaired by white translucent hard tissue at 8 and 12 weeks, and defect boundary was hard to be indentified with normal cartilage at 24 weks. No smooth repairing was observered in B, C and D groups. Group A got a better histological score than B, C and group D（ P 〈 0.05 ）. No difference exited between B and C groups （P 〉 0.05 ）. [ Conclusion ] Combined BMP/bFGF biomaterial is good for repair of articular cartilage defects and has better result than using BMP or bFGF alone. These results may provide a therapy for articular cartilage defects.