内蒙古地区沙生植物饲用养分含量分析研究

Determination of Nutrients in 7 Species of Desert Plants for Raising Livestock in Inner Mongolian

利用化学和仪器方法,测定了内蒙古地区七种沙生植物叶、茎、株作为饲养成分的含量（干物质百分率）：钙0.73～3.89,磷0.043～0.34,硒0.026～2.8,粗蛋白质3.38～13.92,粗脂肪3.97～15.03,总糖14.89～35.78,灰分0.61～14.33,中性洗涤纤维26.66～79.72,酸性洗涤纤维27.03～69.01,七种沙生植物叶、茎氨基酸总含量变动范围为2.30%～11.26%。除沙枣外,其余六种沙生植物叶、茎钙/磷均高于苜蓿叶粉和茎粉;硒含量均比植物中一般硒含量高;粗蛋白质达到了优质禾谷类粮食蛋白含量的水平;叶、茎、全株粗脂肪含量均高于玉米秸秆和小麦秸秆;叶中总糖含量均大于其茎和株;灰分含量高;叶中性洗涤纤维均低于苜蓿叶粉,茎中性纤维均高于苜蓿叶粉;除梭梭外,其余植物茎酸性洗涤纤维均高于苜蓿茎粉。实验表明,七种沙生植物适宜于家畜饲养的要求,是沙区发展草地畜牧业优质的饲草资源。

In order to accumulate the foundational information about the nutrients related to 7 species of desert plants, chemical and instrumental methods for determination were used and quantitative results were obtained as follows （%, in dry mass）： calcium 0.73-3.89, phosphorus 0.043-0.34, selenium 0.026-2.8, protein 3.38-13.92, lipid 3.97-15.03, total sugar 14.89-35.78, ash 0.61-14.33, medium washing fiber 26.66-79.72, and acid washing fiber 27.03-69.01. Among the 7 species of desert plants, the total content of amino acid in the leaf and caudex ranges from 2.30% to 11.26%. Apart from Elaeagnus angustifolia, the ratios of the calcium and phosphorus both in the leaves and caudexes of the rest 6 kinds of desert plants are higher than those in the leaf powder and caudex powder of clover blossom. The selenium content is greater than the usual amount in plants; the protein content reaches the level of excellent grains; the lipid contents in leaf, caudex and whole plant are higher than those in straws of corn and wheat; the leaves have more total sugar than the caudex and the whole plant, and the high level of ash content exists in the 7 species of desert plants; and the medium washing fiber content in leaf of those plants is lower than that in clover blossom leaf powder, which is opposite to the content in caudex. Except for Haloxylon ammodendron, the acid washing fiber content in caudexes is beyond that in the caudex powder of the clover blossom. As is indicated in the data above, the 7 species of desert plants not only do meet the demands of raising livestock, but also are ideal feeding resources for the husbandry development in sandy areas.