碰撞试验中泡沫填充铝管的最优化设计

Optimization of the Foam-Filled Aluminum Tubes for Crush Box Application

对泡沫填充空心方铝管进行轴向撞击粉碎试验。此外,为获得更多有关撞击过程的信息,也对试验进行了有限元模拟分析。为找到更有效轻便的撞击减震器,并达到吸收最多能量的目的,在方矩形管的优化设计中采用了多元设计优化方法(MDO)。基于管的最佳几何尺寸考虑将具有最轻重量并且吸收能量最多作为设计目标。前期研究表明,使用高密度蜂窝材料填充会使管吸收更多能量,但重量不是最轻[Zarei H R,Krger M.Optimum honey-comb filled crash absorber design.Mater Des2007,29:193-204]。因此,为了解采用不同密度的泡沫填充管的撞击性能,进行了全面的研究,。采用MDO方法寻找一种优化填充管,使其吸收的能量与最优空心管吸收的能量一样多。

Axial impact crush tests on empty and foam-filled square aluminum tubes have been performed. Furthermore, in order to find more details about the crush processes, finite element simulations of the experiments have been done. In terms of finding more efficient and lighter crush absorber and achieving maximum energy absorption, multidesign optimization （MDO） technique has been applied for optimizing the square rectangular tubes. Based on practical requirements the optimum tube geometry, which absorbs maximum energy and has a minimum weight, has been determined. Results of previous work indicated that using high density honeycomb for filling the tubes will results more energy absorption but the weight efficiency has been lost [Zarei H R, Kroger M. Optimum honeycomb filled crash absorber design. Mater Des 2007,29： 193- 204]. There-fore, a comprehensive study has been performed in order to find out the crush behavior of tube filled with foam with different densities. The MDO procedure has been implemented to find an optimum filled tube that absorbed the same energy as an optimum empty tube can absorb.