黄河环境流研究

Environmental Flows of the Yellow River

河流的环境流是指在维持河流自然功能和社会功能均衡发挥的前提下,能够将河流的河床、水质和生态维持在良好状态所需要的河川径流条件。结合黄河特点,分别分析了维持下游和宁蒙河段良好主槽、兰州以下河段全面实现III类水、重要保护鸟类或鱼类的种类或数量恢复到20世纪90年代初期水平3方面所需要的径流条件,并充分考虑黄河应承担的社会功能,给出了现阶段可基本实现黄河自然功能和社会功能均衡发挥的各河段环境流建议。

The river＇s environmental flow is the flow which can maintain the riverbed, water quality and ecosystem in a good state, in the condition that the river＇s natural functions and social functions can be performed in a harmonious way. This paper shows that the flow for maintaining the capacity discharge of the main-channel in the lower reaches of the Yellow River should be larger than 4 000 m3/s, the flow for maintaining the capacity discharge of the main-channel in Inner Mongolia reaches should be larger than 2 000 m^3/s, and the paper also studies the flow for maintaining water quality to be better than Ⅲ degree and flow for maintaining the fishes and birds to be at its early 1990＇s level. Based on the above analysis and taken the river＇s social functions in consideration, the paper proposes the environmental flow at each important section along the Yellow River.