中国神话历史化的背景动因分析

Investigation on the Historical Background of Myths' Historizaion in China

中国早发而深刻的神话历史化是有别于他族的一个文化景观。学界对这个现象已有众多的阐述,但对其历史背景的动因则缺乏应有的多维考察与挖掘。在"社会-思维"互动的视野中,有三个重要因素得以凸现,它们是商周之变、"帝""天"之易以及祖先崇拜。商周之变实现了思想、思维的质变式飞跃,"天""帝"之易使初民从"皈神"过渡到"依人",祖先崇拜有力地消解了神明崇拜,三者共同构成了中国神话历史化的有效合力。

The myths＇ historization in China was so early and thorough that it was a unique cultural sight among the nations. Though there are countless stud on this phenomenon, the background of the phenomenon is expected to be further investigated. Based on the perspective of interaction between thinking evolution and social transforming, three factors of social background can be attributed to myth＇ s historization. They are Shang dynasty＇ s perdition, the symbol switching from Di to Tian, and ancestors＇ worship. The three factors helped greatly to push China＇s myths＇ historization in early history.