有限理性与利他行为的动态模型——兼论对经济人假设的反思

Limited Rationality and the Dynamic Model of Altruistic Behavior——On the Assumption of Homo Economicus

自亚当·斯密以来,主流经济学家都把经济人假设作为经济学研究的基础。这种过于简化的假设在解释人类的利他行为方面遇到了很大的困难。西蒙的有限理性模型提出,人们并不是总在追求自身利益的最大化,而是常常通过模仿别人的行为来改进自己的处境。在西蒙的有限理性模型的基础上,通过对"囚徒困境"博弈的分析,建立了利他行为的动态模型。当下,发扬利他主义精神对于我国社会健康发展的重要意义。

Since Adam Smith, the mainstream economists have regarded homo economicus as the basis of economic research. This aim-plistie assumption has encountered great difficulties in the interpretation of altruistic behavior of humans. Herbert Simon＇ s model of limited rationality argues that people is not always in pursuit of the maximization of their own interests, but often improve their situation by copying other people＇ s behavior. Based on Simon＇ s model, a dynamic medel of altruistic behavior is built, and the conclusion of the model analyzed. At last, the importance Of altruistic behavior to the development of our society is emphasized.