塑料泡沫和陶瓷泡沫结构的边长测量表征法

Characterization of plastic and ceramic foam configuration by means of side length measurement

确立了正十二面体为塑料泡沫的单胞结构模型;以边长b为参量推导出模型中各几何量的表达式;对一组给定的b值,计算了几何模型和塑料泡沫单胞尺寸、窗口尺寸的理论值和"真实"值;分析了图像测量结果和计算所得"真实"值间存在的差异及其来源,由此导出模仿计算图像测量值或者把图像测量值转换为"真实"值(反之亦然)的方法,模仿计算的图像测量值与实际图像测量结果有满意的一致性。边长b是两个相邻节点间的距离,理论上具有唯一性,特别容易确认,不一定需要复杂的设备和专门的技术人员,很少因操作人员识别和选择的任意性或者因图像的"失真"给测量结果带来偏差,计算的结果真实可靠。这种表征方法不仅适用于塑料泡沫,也可用于陶瓷泡沫的表征。

A dodecahydron structure model has been employed to characterize the configuration of polymer foam and ceramic foam; equations to calculate the window size and cell size of these foams have been deduced based on the model geometry and a parameter b, the side length of the constitutional polygons. The deviation of the imaging method results from the calculated “true” values were rationalized, and therefore one could imitate imaging method results, or convert the imaging values to the “true” values （vice versa）. Side length b, the distance between two neighboring nods, is much easier to identify and measure. The measurement process is relatively simple and convenient, no expensive equipment needed, no skilled operator required, and the results are very little operator sensitive. The measurement can be performed in any where.