森林属性演变及相关管理政策研究

Research on the Evolution of the Forest’s Attributes and Matching Policy

针对现代社会森林问题复杂化所导致的认识模糊化问题,提出从功能属性角度认识森林本质特征的研究途径。分析认为,森林经历了环境属性、资源属性及基础设施属性的演变,在现代社会更多地以某种具有特定功能的结构体出现,表现为现代社会的基础设施,具有结构多层级性、功能有限性、系统开放性、系统的动态性、适度可塑性、多稳态性等特征。在此基础上建议对森林管理政策进行相应地调整,整体化认识森林,专业化行政管理,多样化经营目标,连续化经营行为;借鉴发达国家的经验,建立新型的国有林体系。

Based on the embarrassment of defining forest at the present situation, the paper gives the new ap- proach to the function analysis of forest rather than simple physical description. The forest here now is actually a result of natural and social work. It is found that forest had been undertaken the environment, the economic re- sources and the infrastructure respectively. And as now, forest appears as a structure body and is taken the re- sponsibility in the modern human being society, and with the characters of varied hierarchical structure, limited- functions, an open system, a dynamic system, moderate mould ability, varied stable equilibrium, etc. It is sug- gested that the related matching policy should be updated as follows, to define the forest in its entirety, to spe- cialize the public management, to diverse the management objectives, to cultivate forest as continuous procedure. With the experiences from developed countries, to establish a new state-owned forest system.