真菌变态反应研究进展

Progression on the Research of Fungi Allergy

真菌是最常见、最重要的吸入性变应原之一,可引发变应性鼻炎、鼻窦炎、支气管哮喘、变应性结膜炎、变应性胃肠炎、特应性皮炎、接触性皮炎、变应性肺炎(或过敏性肺泡炎)及变应性支气管肺曲霉病(ABPA)或变应性支气管肺真菌病(ABPM)等变态反应疾病。本文总结了真菌变应原致敏蛋白组分研究、不同繁殖体致敏蛋白组分及效价的比较研究、真菌变应原间的交叉反应性、基因重组真菌变应原的临床应用、真菌变态反应发病机制、大气生物学、免疫治疗的疗效及不良反应和 ABPA 等方面的研究进展。

Fungi are one of the most common and important kinds of inhalant allergens. Fungi can induce to various allergic disorders, including allergic rhinitis, sinusitis, asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, allergic gastroenteritis, atopic dermatitis, hypersensitivity pneumonia （allergic alveolitis） , allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis （ABPA） , and allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis （ABPM）, etc. This article reviews the current knowleges on the field of fungal allergens and recombinant allergens, comparison of the allergenic potency of spores and mycelium, cross-reaction among the different kinds of fungi allergens, pathogenesis of fungi allergy, atmospheric biology, the efficacy and adverse reactions of immunotherapy, the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of ABPA.