现实主义:美国民族文学的真正开端——论美国19世纪现实主义文学的特征

Realism:the Real Beginning of American National Literature

19世纪现实主义掀起了美国文学的第一次浪潮。这一时期,产生了豪威尔斯、马克·吐温、亨利·詹姆斯等享有国际盛名的作家。他们摒弃了浪漫主义创作原则,突破了关国文学的"欧洲化"局限,使美国文学跃上了一座高峰。同时,美国19世纪现实主义文学呈现了多元化景观况,产生了乡土文学、心理现实主义、自然主义等流派。这些流派以美国式的表达和美国式的主题构建了美国民族文学,成为民族文学的真正开端。

In American literature, realism caused the surge in the 19th century. In this period, Howells, Mark Twain, Henry James were very famous. They gave up the pricinple of romantism and break the limitation of european influence and made American literature develop. Mainwhile, local colourism, psychological realism, and naturalism consisted of the diversity of the literature. These schools presented the Americanized style and theme and the real beginning of American national literature.