MSCT冠状扫描及后处理技术诊断小儿气道异物

Application value of MSCT coronal scan and post-processing techniques to foreign body in trachea and bronchus of children

目的评价多层螺旋CT冠状位扫描及MPR、CTVB后处理技术在小儿气管、支气管异物诊断中的应用。方法对13例临床怀疑气道异物的患儿行MSCT冠状位扫描,螺距1,层厚1.25mm,利用冠状位原始图像行CTVB和MPR重建。结果13例均获得良好图像,11例发现异物,其中气管异物1例,气管隆突处异物1例,右侧支气管5例,左侧支气管2例,双侧支气管2例,表现为各种直接和间接征象;2例清楚显示3级支气管而无明显异物,CT仅表现为肺炎征象,经抗感染治疗后痊愈。结论气道冠状位扫描结合CTVB、MPR等后处理技术可准确、全面诊断气管、支气管异物,同时,与轴位扫描后行三维重建相比,其射线剂量大大减少,尤其适用于小儿检查。

Objective To evaluate the application value of multi-slice spiral CT （MSCT） coronal scan and post-processing techniques to foreign body in trachea and bronchus of children. Methods A total of 13 cases suspected of foreign body were coronally scaned with MSCT, spiral pitch 1, thickness 1.25 mm. The post-processing reconstruction included multiple planar reconstruction （MPR）, CT virtual bronchoscopy （CTVB）. Results Satisfactory images were obtained in all the 13 cases. Foreign body was found in 11 cases, located at trachea （1 case）, carina of trachea （1 case）, right bronchia （5 cases）, left bronchia （2 cases） or both left and right bronchia （1 case）. No foreign body was found in the rest 2 cases whom were then confirmed pulmonary infection. Conclusion MSCT coronal scan and post-processing techniques are good in diagnosis of foreign body in trachea and bronchus especially to children.