四川汶川地震伤员的心理卫生状况调查

The psychological problems in the wounded of Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan.

目的调查四川汶川地震伤员的心理卫生状况。方法对住进广州7家医院、来自四川汶川地震156例伤员在地震后第3周(T1)与第5周(T2)进行心理评估,并依据美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第四版(DSM-Ⅳ)作出诊断。结果T1调查显示,34例(21.8%)地震后伤员出现心理卫生问题。其中,有20例(12.8%)为急性应激障碍(ASD),男女差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);4例(2.6%)为重性抑郁障碍(MDD),8例(5.1%)出现与应激有关的非特异性哀伤反应,2例(1.2%)为其他心理卫生问题。T2调查显示,有16例(12.3%)地震后伤员出现创伤后应激障碍(PTSD),男女差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);有3例(15.0%)ASD在地震1个月后仍符合PTSD的诊断。结论地震灾后伤员出现的心理卫生问题有待进一步随访并为其提供合适的灾后早期干预。

Objective To investigate the psychological problems in the wounded of Wenehuan earthquake in Sichuan. Methods One hundred and fifty-six of the wounded in the earthquake who had been admitted in seven hospitals in Guangzhou were psychologically assessed and diagnosed by DSM-Ⅳ in the third （the first wave ,T1 ）and fifth week（ the second wave, T2 ） after the earthquake. Results In T1, thirty-four （21.8 % ） of the wounded of earthquake had psychological problems. Among them, 20 cases（ 12. 8% ）suffered from acute stress disorder （ASD） without significant gender difference （P 〉0. 05） , 4 cases（2. 6% ）had major depressive disorder （MDD）. 8 cases（5.1% ） had stress-related nonspeeific distress and 2 cases（ 1.2% ） had other psychological problems. In T2, sixteen cases（ 12. 3% ）had post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） without significant gender difference（ P 〉 0. 05 ） , and three（ 15.0% ） who initially had ASD developed PTSD 1 months after the earthquake. Conclusions The psychological problems in the wounded of Wenehuan earthquake in Siehuan should be followed up regularly, and appropriate early intervention after disaster should be provided.