白花除虫菊同源四倍体株系花期除虫菊酯含量及农艺性状分析

Analyses on pyrethrins content and agronomic traits of autotetraploid lines of Pyrethrum cinerariifolium in flowering stage

采用高效液相色谱法测定了16个白花除虫菊〔Pyrethrum cinerariifolium(Trev.)Vis.〕同源四倍体株系干花中的总除虫菊酯、总除虫菊酯Ⅰ(PyⅠ)和总除虫菊酯Ⅱ(PyⅡ)含量,并分析了16个同源四倍体株系花中总除虫菊酯含量的动态变化规律以及花期的农艺性状。结果表明,管状花开放初期,同源四倍体株系干花中的除虫菊酯含量最高,其中11个株系的总除虫菊酯含量高于二倍体株系且7个株系干花中的总除虫菊酯含量高于1.4%,达到一级花的质量标准。同源四倍体株系的花薹和花序的农艺性状表现出明显的多倍体性状,花薹低,花盘直径大,干花产量高,通过合理密植可以提高同源四倍体株系的干花产量。

The contents of pyrethrins, pyrethrins Ⅰ and pyrethrins Ⅱ in dry capitula of sixteen autotetraploid lines of Pyrethrum cinerariifolium （ Trey. ） Vis. were determined by RP-HPLC method, and the dynamic changing law of pyrethrins content and agronomic traits of autotetraploid lines were also analyzed. The results showed that the pyrethrins content in dry capitula of autotetraploid lines reached the highest at initial flowering stage of tubular florets, in which the pyrethrins content in dry capitula of eleven autotetrapioid lines was higher than that of diploid line. The pyrethrins content in seven autotetraploid lines was higher than 1.4%, and reached the criterion of first-class capitula. The bolting stem and inflorescences of autotetraploid lines obviously appeared agronomic traits of polyploid, for example, short bolting stem, large floral disc diameter and high yield of dry capitula. The yield of dry capitula of autotetraploid lines of P. cinerariifolium will be increased by the reasonable close planting.