试论南京地区明初功臣墓神道石刻

On Stone Sculptures Standing along the Divine Path of the Merit Officals Tombs in Nanjing

明早期功臣陵墓石刻制度主要参照了南宋时期的品官石刻制度,除了文献记载的石刻种类和数量明显反映了等级差异外,石刻的高度、石马障泥纹样、控马者的身份等都显示了等级差异。就是同一组石刻群中,文官武将石刻也是前后有序,左右有别,等级分明。

The system of the stone sculptures in front of the tombs of the early dukes and marquises in early Ming Dynasty followed the system of Southern Song. The obvious character of these stone sculptures is that they had obvious differences according to the different ranks. Besides the kinds and number of stone sculptures recorded in documents, the size, design, even the costume and place show the grade difference.