“综合”、“折中”与经济学的创新--以约·斯·穆勒、阿·马歇尔和保罗·萨缪尔逊为例

Synthesis,Poise and Innovation in Economics

"综合"、"折中"是经济学家构建自己新理论的重要方法之一。以经济学说史上三次经济学重大综合的代表人物——约.斯.穆勒、阿.马歇尔和保罗.萨缪尔逊为例对这一问题进行反思可以发现,将前人的各种学说进行"综合",并不是简单混合,而是可发展出新理论;将前人不同甚至对立的学说进行"折中",并不是调和矛盾,而是可实现理论创新。

Synthesis and poise are one of the methods to establish the new theory for the economist. After studies of the three representatives of economics in great synthesis——John Stuart Mill, Alfred Marshall and Paul A. Samuelson, it can be concluded that the synthesis of the previous economic thoughts is not the simple combination but can lead to the occurrence of new theory. If the different theories even including the opposite sides can be poised, rather than be just ignored, the theoretical innovation can be achieved.