科威特油田油气集输联合站的阴极保护

Cathodic Protection of Gathering Station in Kuwait Oilfield

油田油气生产集输联合站设施将油井产出液分离成油、气、水。通过减压使天然气与原油、水分离。分离出气体后，原油在加热炉和脱盐罐里加热，降低原油中的盐分和水分。这样，在联合站里有许多平行或者交叉铺设的埋地管道，它们却有不同的运行温度。要确保这些生产设施长期安全运行，阴极保护系统的正常运转和测试是非常重要的。人们普遍采用美国腐蚀工程师协会NACE标准RP0169规定的阴极保护电位准则评价埋地管道的阴极保护效果。在油气集输联合站里，通常采用铜接地电极保护人员和设备防止电击危险。这些接地造成混合电位（铁与铜），假如必须使用，就使100mV电位漂移的应用变得非常困难。同时采用强制电流阴极保护和牺牲阳极阴极保护系统的情况下，电位数据的解释也变得更复杂了。

Crude oil and gas production gathering stations are facilities for separating the crude oil, gas, water and solids in the well stream. There are a large number of pipes below ground at different temperatures often running parallel to each other and crossing each other. Testing of cathodic protection systems becomes very important to the useful life of the facilities. In gather stations, it is common to use copper electrical grounds to protect personnel and equipment from electric shorts. These grounds result in mixed potentials, which make the use of the 100 mV potential shift difficult. Interpretation of potential data can be further complicated by mixed impressed current cathodic protection and sacrificial anode cathodic protection systems.