流式细胞术在体育科研中的应用

Application of Flow Cytometry in Sports Research

流式细胞术是一种综合应用光学、流体力学、电子计算机、细胞生物学、分子免疫学等学科技术,对高速流动的细胞或亚细胞进行快速定量测定和分析的方法。用它不仅可以来对细胞进行计数,还可以对细胞的混合物进行细胞类型的分析研究,并同时测定细胞的多个参数,如测定细胞的特征(形态、膜电位等)和细胞内pH,细胞DNA、蛋白质含量、表面受体、Ca2+等。流式细胞术分析细胞的灵敏度、精密度大大超越了传统的技术,因此广泛应用于医学生物学等许多领域。主要综述流式细胞术在体育科研中的应用并讨论它在应用中的局限性和面临的挑战。

Flow cytometry is a method for rapidly analyzing large numbers of cells individually using light fluorescence and integrating optics,fluidics,electronics,and computer technology.Now it is a powerful tool for characterizing the composition of complex cell populations.Flow cytometric assays have been developed to determine both cellular characteristics such as size,membrane potential,and intracellular pH and the levels of cellular components such as DNA,protein,surface receptors,and calcium.The accuracy and precision of this technology for describing and enumerating cells exceeds traditional methods.With its high sensitivity and specificity,the flow cytometric has become the preferred method for the lineage assignment and maturational analysis of malignant cells in acute leukemia and lymphoma.Flow cytometry has revolutionized the field of immunology,in both the basic science and clinical settings,as well as having been instrumental to new and exciting areas of discovery such as stem cell biology and detecting microorganisms in environmental samples.This review focuses primarily on the use of flow cytometry in sport research area.Finally,a discussion of the challenges and limitations of the method is presented along with a future outlook.