中华白海豚肌肉组织营养组成特征分析

Charater of the nutritional composition of Chinese white dolphin (Sousa chinensis)

对珠江口外海水域2只中华白海豚肌肉组织的营养组成情况进行分析。结果表明2只海豚腹肌脂肪含量均高于其它部位,蛋白质和灰分的分布规律不明显。幼体雌性白海豚肌肉组织中的总氨基酸含量高于成年雄性海豚。氨基酸组成中含量最高的氨基酸为谷氨酸,最低的为胱氨酸。2只海豚肌肉组织均含有棕榈酸(16∶0)、棕榈油酸(16∶1)、硬脂酸(18∶0)、油酸(18∶1)、EPA(20∶5n3)及DHA(22∶6n3)等,这些脂肪酸是动物及鱼油中典型的脂肪酸。饱和脂肪酸(SFA)≈单不饱和脂肪酸(MUFA)>多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)。海豚肌肉组织中富含Ca、Fe、Zn、Cu、Mn、Se等金属元素,其中幼体雌性海豚的Cu、Mn的含量高于成年雄性海豚,Se含量则低于雄性海豚。

Nnutritional compositions were determined in muscle of two Chinese white dolphins （Sousa chinertsis） found in outer Sea of Zhujiang river. The results showed that lipids were much higher in belly than in other parts. Content of total amino acid of immature female dolphin was higher than that of mature male. Glu was highest and Cys was lowest among 18 amino acids. Typical fatty acids found in the animal, palmitic （ 16： O）, palmoleic acid （ 16：1 ）, stearic （ 18 ： 0 ）, oleic （ 18 ： 1 ）, EPA （ 20 ： 5n3 ） and DHA （ 22： 6n3 ） dominates in both species. SAF had the same content as MUFA obtained, both were higher than total PUFA. Muscles were rich with metal such as Ca, Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Se. Content of Cu, Mn was higher in the body of immature female dolphin, while Se was lower than mature male dolphin.