电子垃圾污染对产妇及新生儿甲状腺激素水平及受体表达的影响

Effects of the electronic waste pollution on the levels of thyroid hormone and its receptor expression in the parturient woman and the newborn

目的探讨电子垃圾拆解区产妇及新生儿甲状腺激素及受体表达水平的变化。方法于2005年12月至2006年7月在中国南方有十余年历史的电子垃圾拆解区(暴露组)及距该地区约50km、地理条件和生活习惯相近的市区妇幼保健院(对照组),分别随机选取当地产妇48名和45名。采用放射免疫分析法检测血清甲状腺激素,包括游离T3(FT3)、游离T4(FT4)、促甲状腺激素(TSH);采用实时荧光定量PCR测定胎盘组织和脐带组织中甲状腺激素受体(TR)α1、TRβ1和TSHR mRNA的表达水平;并确定母儿间甲状腺激素水平的相关性及胎盘组织与脐带组织中相应激素受体mRNA表达水平的相关性。结果(1)暴露组母体血清和脐血清中FT4均低于对照组(P<0.05),但TSH水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。(2)暴露组胎盘组织和脐带组织中TRα1、TRβ1mRNA水平低于对照组(P<0.05和0.01),但TSHR mRNA水平高于对照组(P<0.01)。(3)两组母血与脐血FT4、TSH均呈正相关(P<0.05和0.01)。(4)两组胎盘组织与脐带组织中TRα1、TRβ1和TSHR mRNA表达均呈正相关(P<0.01)。结论电子垃圾处理环境暴露可能对产妇及新生儿甲状腺激素水平及受体表达有影响。

Objective The levels of thyroid hormones and its receptor expression in the parturient women and the newborns from an electronic waste dismantling region were investigated.Methods We detected the sera levels,including thyroid hormones FT3,FT4,TSH among the subjects from the exposed group（n=48） and the control group（n=45）by immuno radiometric assay（IRMA）.The expression levels of TRα1,TRβ1,TSHR mRNA in placentas and umbilical cords were detected by fluorscent quantitative real time PCR（FQ-PCR）.The correlation were determined between the thyroid hormones levels in maternal sera and in umbilical sera,and between the expression levels of its receptors mRNA in placentas and umbilical cords.Results（1）The FT4 levels of both maternal sera and umbilical cord sera in the exposed group were lower than those in the control（P〈0.05）.However,increased the TSH levels in the exposed group were statistically significance compared to the control group（P〈0.05）.（2）The TRα1 and TRβ1 mRNA levels both in placentas and umbilical cords in exposed group were lower than those in control group（P〈0.05 and 0.01）.However,the TSHR mRNA levels in the exposed group were statistically significance compared to the control group（P〈0.01）.（3）The sera FT4 and TSH levels of parturient women were positively correlated with those of the newborns in both groups（P〈0.05 and 0.01）.（4）The mRNA levels of TRα1,TRβ1 and TSHR in placentas were positively correlated with those in umbilical cords in both groups（P〈0.01）.Conclusion The findings suggest that some environmental pollutants existing in e-waste dismantling region may affect the health of local parturient women and newborns,representing changes both in sera levels of thyroid hormones and in mRNA expression of its receptors.