翼型冰增长和结冰影响的数值模拟研究

Numerical simulation for Ice Accretion and Icing Effects on Airfoils

翼面结冰是威胁飞行安全的重要因素之一。本文对于霜状结冰,在给定的结冰气候条件下,采用数值方法,预测整个结冰过程,建立冰增长模型,求解水滴轨迹运动方程,分析结冰过程中翼型绕流流场的变化,以及冰层的发展和形成过程。针对给定的三种不同冰型,即钝头型、尖头型和双角型,进一步采用结构化网格生成技术,结合中心有限体积法和LU-SGS隐式算法,利用B-L代数湍流模型,完成了绕流流场的N-S方程数值模拟,分析不同形状的冰型对翼型绕流及气动特性的影响。计算结果与试验数据进行了对比,表明采用的方法是正确、可行的。

The numerical methods are developed to simulate two icing-related problems, namely ice accretion and icing effects for airfoils. The ice accretion on the leading edge of the airfoil is predicted under specified icing conditions. A four-order Runge-Kutta method is used to solve the droplet trajectory equation. The ice geometry is determinated with the assumption that all droplets freeze at their points of impact and that the ice grows in the normal direction of the surface. Numerical simulations using the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations are conducted to investigate the effect of ice shapes on the aerodynamics performance. Designing three different icing models, namely the sharp-angled ice and blunt-nosed ice and double horn ice, the flow field of airfoil is calculated and analyzed. N-S equations are solved with a conventional algorithms, including the cell-centred finite volume method and implicit LU-SGS time-stepping scheme. And the solution of the N-S equations are simulated by introducing the B-L algebraic turbulence model. The numerical results are presented and compared with the experimental data.