误读与过度诠释:再论奥勃洛摩夫与“多余人”

Misinterpretation and Over-Elucidation:A Restudy of Oblomov and "the Redundant Men"

在俄国绝大多数文学评论者眼里,奥勃洛摩夫与"多余人"是两种不同类型的文学典型,但在我国文学评论界,奥勃洛摩夫往往被列入"多余人"画廊,而且还被视为"多余人"历史的终结者。我国文学研究者之所以得出上述结论,原因就在于他们在借用杜勃罗留波夫的观点对奥勃洛摩夫的形象意义进行阐释时,既没有对之加以客观解读,也没有加以适度诠释,有时甚至还从自己的立场出发,对某些"不同声音"加以屏蔽。本文从新的角度论证奥勃洛摩夫既非"多余人",更非"多余人"的末代典型,他只是以独特的方式实现了自己对社会现实的思考和抗争。

In the views of the majority of Russian critics, Oblomov and ＂the Redundant Man＂ are two different literary models. However, in the opinions of the critics in China, Oblomov is usually regarded as one of the Redundant Men, even as the terminator of the Redundant Men. Such a conclusion drawn by the Chinese critics comes from the fact that while they were elucidating the image of Oblomov from Dobrolyubov＇s perspectives, they didn＇t do it objectively, nor moderately; what＇s worse, due to their own social standpoints, sometimes they even shielded some ＂different voices＂. This paper tries to argue that Oblomov is not a ＂Redundant Man＂, let alone the terminator of the ＂Redundant Men＂. What he did is to put into practice in his unique way his thinking of and his protesting against the Russian society at that time.