构建奶业持续健康和谐发展的长效机制——中国奶业协会理事长刘成果在2008中国奶业协会年会上的讲话

Establish long-term effective system, achieve continuous and harmonious development of dairy industry

中国奶业协会五届三次理事会暨2008年会的主题是“如何构建奶业持续健康和谐发展的长效机制”，实质是进一步贯彻落实《国务院关于促进奶业持续健康发展的意见》（以下简称《意见》）。

<Abract>In September 2007, the State Council released a proposal on promote dairy industry continuous and harmonious development. Govern-ment strengthens the sup-port to milk cow breeding. The subsidies for dairy cattle-breeding, replacement heifer and agricultural and milking machinery increase. The proposal also includes the cow disease prevention and slaughter, insurance system, standardized breed-ing and credit support. Due to the positive influence of the policies and price in global market, raw milk price rises, the yield of raw milk increases and cow breeding becomes more profitable. In the first half of 2008, milk yield reached 19,15 million tons in-creased by 11.5% compared to the same period last year. Although the change in China dairy industry is very encouraging, we must realize that the positive tendency is not stable. The current price of raw milk tends to fall, which mainly attributes to pressures from two parts. One is the rising price of feeds, and the other is from dairy manufacturers. With manufacturers' profits shrinking and export volume reducing, dairy industry is likely to fluctuate. The main tasks to achieve harmonious development of dairy industry are summarized as following: First, raw milk pricing, which is related to the fundamental of dairy industry. Due to the lack of appropriate pricing system, raw milk price is decided only by the part of manufacturers. In 1990s, China dairy industry encountered great fluctuation three times. The latest happened in 2006. The rising price of feeds caused higher cost of cow breeding whilst dairy manufacturers under the pressure of reducing profit still insisted on the initial price of raw milk. The industry calls for an efficient pricing system associated raw milk price with its real cost. We suggest to carry out regular investigations on cow-breeding cost and accordingly offer instructing price. The pricing system requires supervision and the concerted efforts of related competent departments. Second, integrate processing and sale. Contracting raw milk price between farmers and manufacturers in long term is recommended to maintain stable raw milk supply. Meanwhile, it is important to help the farmers protect their rights and interests through cooperative organization. Manufacturers also should construct raw milk production base. Third, establish system of quality control. The disorder of raw milk market impacts on final produits' quality seriously. Therefore, a third party of organization is recommended to balance the benefits between dairy manufacturers and farmers, and determine raw milk quality unpartially. Fourth, as a newly developing industry in China, dairy industry is deficient in management experience, and associated laws, regulations and standards still need further improvement. Based on the analysis and improvement of current standard, the supervision on dairy production can be strengthened. Fifth, buildng up macro regulation system is significant to management improvement and scientific guidance making. Integrated with macro regulation of government, the indus-try should optimize factory location to avoid over-competi-tion in raw milk supply. In addition, state dairy reserve is vital to regulate supply and stabilize price fluctuation. That is also necessary to guarantee stable development of dairy industry. Sixth, encourage consumption. Consumption is the origi-nal driven force of dairy industry. The potential of China dairy market is still not completely exploited. Educating consumers on nutrition is important to enlarge consumption. Also, School Milk Project should be strengthened further.