3-苄氧基戊二腈的合成工艺

Study on the Synthesis of 3-Benzyloxy Glutaric Nitrile

探讨了3-羟基戊二腈的前体3-苄氧基戊二腈的合成方法.通过对多种方法的分析和比较,确定采用乙腈和甲酸乙酯的亲核加成反应、氯化苄保护羟基、氰乙酸乙酯的Michael加成反应、脱羧反应生成3-苄氧基戊二腈的方法,并详细的讨论了每一步反应中反应物、催化剂、溶剂等的作用和可能产生的副产物及避免方法.该合成方法具有环保、无污染、成本低、安全等优点,符合当今社会"绿色化学"的理念.

Synthesis methods of 3-benzyloxy glutaric nitrile which is the precursor of 3-hydroxy glutaric nitrile are discussed. A practicable way of them has been found based on analysis and comparison of many different methods, which consists of the following steps： the nucleophilic addition reaction of acetonitrile and ethyl formate, the protection of hydroxy with benzyl chloride, the Michael addition reaction of ethyl cyanide and, at last, the deearboxylation reaction from it. The function of reactants, catalysts and solvent in every reaction and the possible byproducts as well as the way to avoid them are discussed in detail. This synthetic route is of great advantage, being environmental-friendly, no pollution, low costs and safety. It corresponds with the concept of ＂green chemistry＂ in today＇s society.