从“归物”看王维山水诗歌

Read WANG Wei's Poems from the View of "the Return to the Object"

"归物"不是自然的人化而是自然的自然化,人类要以观照而不是改造的态度去面对自然,这就是自然的"自然化",也就是我们所说的"归物"。人类要与自然协调共在,达到一种审美化的人生,就必须保持一种使自然"自然化"的距离。王维笔下的山水是超越功利,摆脱主体情感的纯任自然的山水,是达到"无我之境"的最高审美境界。以"无欲之我"观物,方能达"无我之境","以物观物"是以万物之理观物,王维笔下的自然是以物观物的自然,是自然化而非人化的自然,是"天机清妙者"的无我之境,体现了人与自然的和谐共处,臻于优美之至境。

＂The return to the object＂ is not the humanization of nature but the naturalization of nature. Man should look at nature instead of transforming nature, which is the naturalization of nature, namely ＂the return to the object＂. Man and nature should coexist harmoniously for an aesthetic life. There should be a distance between man and nature. The mountains and rivers written by WANG Wei were utilitarian and achieved true freedom without＂ any subject emotion, which is the purest aesthetic world. Man should put aside the desire to observe the object so as to achieve anatta. The attitude to nature of ＂observing an object from the angle of the object＂ is based on the rationale of nature. WANG＇s nature is natural, not artificial, which is clever people＇s calm world and reflects the harmony between man and nature.