精神发育迟滞患者犯罪危险因素的对照研究

The predictors of committing offence in the patients with mental retardation

为探讨影响精神发育迟滞（ＭＲ）患者犯罪的危险因素，对１３１例司法鉴定为犯罪的ＭＲ患者，与４４例未犯罪的ＭＲ患者进行对照，并行单因素与多元逐步回归分析。结果表明，两组在对违法行为的辨认能力、是否自感受歧视、是否伴精神病、家庭监护能力、有无违法史、性格分型及受教育年限方面的差异均有显著性（Ｐ＜０．０５）。逐步回归分析（α＝０．０５）揭示，ＭＲ犯罪危险因素依次为家庭监护能力差、自感受歧视、性格为兴奋型、伴癫痫，特别是有人格改变、或意识障碍、或幻觉、伴精神病特别是处于发病期。提示ＭＲ犯罪受诸多因素的影响。

To investigate the factors associated with offence in metal retardation (MR), a casecontrol study was carried out. The subjects consisted of 131 MR with offence defined through forensic psychiatry and 44 MR controls without offence. The singlefactor analysis showed that there were significant differences between the two groups in the following areas: the ability of understanding their offence, the feeling of being stigmatized, past history of offence, personality and education (P<0.05). The stepwise discriminating analysis (α=0.05) found that the risk factors of committing offence were poor familycare, feeling of being stigmatized, active character, comorbid with epilepsy, especially epileptic personality disorder or consciouslessness state or hallucination, concomitant with psychiatric disorder, especially in the acute stage. Those findings suggested that multifactors are involved in committing offence in the patients with MR.