5．12汶川8．0级地震伤员的四肢放射学表现分析

Analysis on the radiological findings of the limb injuries in the 5.12 magnitude 8.0 earthquake of Wenchuan

目的分析5.12汶川8.0级地震中伤员四肢损伤类型和影像表现。方法回顾分析自2008年5月13日—5月27日在绵阳市中心医院放射科就诊的1121例地震伤员中四肢检查的671伤员的放射学资料,其中平片检查668人,约1200处投照部位,CT检查19人23个部位。结果446例伤员放射学检查为阳性,总阳性率约为66.47%,其中四肢单部位损伤为355例(52.91%),多个四肢损伤为91例(13.56%)。共有558个部位损伤,按发生率高低排列,依次为胫腓骨142例(25.45%),足踝113例(20.25%)、髋关节及股骨112例(20.07%),肘关节及尺桡骨54例(9.68%)、肱骨47例(8.42%),手腕38例(6.81%),肩关节36例(6.45%),锁骨16例(2.87%);按照骨折类型,粉碎性骨折317例(56.81%),横行骨折102例(18.28%),关节脱位37例(6.63%),斜行骨折37例(6.63%),螺旋形骨折31例(5.56%),线形骨折17例(3.05%),嵌插骨折13例(2.33%),骺分离4例(0.72%)。结论地震造成四肢损害以下肢为主,骨折类型以粉碎性骨折及横行骨折为主。

Objective To study the types and the appearances of limb injuries caused by the earthquake of 5.12 Wenchuan. Methods The radiological information of 1121 victims of earthquake trauma from May 13 to 27 in 2008 in the de partment of radiology of Mianyang central hospital was analyzed retrospectively. There were 671 victims with limb injuries, 668 victims approximately 1200 position examined with X ray, 19 victims approximately 23 position examined with CT. Results Results of radiological examination of 446 victims were positive, the ratio of total positives was 66.47%, 355 cases with single limb injuries （52.91%）, 91 cases with multitude limb injuries （13.56%）. There were 558 positions were in jured in all, incidence rate arranged from high to low, 142 cases of tibiofibula fracture （25.45%）, 113 cases of ankle （20.25%）, 112 eases of articulatio eoxae and femoral bone fracture （20. 07%）, 54 cases of elbow-joint and ruler-radial bone fracture （9.68%）, 47 cases of humeral bone fracture （8.42%）, 38 cases of wrist fracture （6.81%）, 36 cases of shoulder joint fracture （6. 45% ） and 16 cases of collar bone fracture （2.87%）. According to classification of fracture, 317 cases were comminuted fracture （56.81%）, 102 cases were transverse fracture （18.28%）, 37 cases of dislocation of joint （6.63%）, 37 cases of oblique fracture （6.63%）, 31 cases of spiral fracture （5.56%）, 17 cases of linear fracture （3.05 %）, 13 cases of compact fracture （2.33 %）, and 4 cases of epiphyseal separation （0.72 %）. Conclusion The lower limbs injury was predominant in limb injuries caused by earthquake. According to classification of fracture, comminuted fracture and transverse fracture were predominant.