生物人工肝研究进展和应用前景

Research progress and prospects of bioartificial liver system

急性肝功能衰竭是最具挑战性的一种临床综合征,肝移植是唯一可治愈急性肝功能衰竭的方法,但供体匮乏是肝移植的主要问题,人工肝可作为肝移植过渡支持手段.非生物人工肝在提高急性肝功能衰竭患者存活率方面作用有限,生物人工肝具有肝细胞的代谢、解毒和合成功能,典型的生物人工肝包括细胞来源、细胞培养方式及生物反应器.本文主要论述目前进入临床试验的生物人工肝,并对生物人工肝替代治疗的将来作一展望.

Liver transplantation is the only established treatment for acute liver failure（ALF）,one of the most challenging clinical syndromes;however, donor shortages remain problematic.Artificial livers as a bridge to liver transplantation are being considered worldwide.Non-bioarticifical liver（NBAL）have limitations in improving the survival rates.Therefore,a biological artificial liver（BAL）that has metabolic,detoxic,and synthetic function of hepatocytes is anticipated. Biological artificial livers are classified by cell source,types of culture system for hepatocytes, and types of bioreactor.This paper reviews the bioartificial liver devices that have been clinically tested to support ALF patients.Finally, we identify several improvements critical to bioartificial liver replacement therapy in the future.