中国天然气地质与地球化学研究对天然气工业的重要意义

Significances of studies on natural gas geology and geochemistry for natural gas industry in China

近10a来中国天然气工业迅速发展，至2007年底已探明天然气地质总储量6×10^12m^2，同时年产量增长速率越来越大，从1976年年产100×10^8m^3到2005年年产500×10^8m^3，每增加100×10^8m^3所需时间分别是20a、5a、3a和1a多。中国天然气地质和地球化学研究对天然气工业的重要意义主要在于：20世纪70年代末提出煤系是好的气源岩，强调煤系成烃以气为主，以油为辅，开辟了煤成气勘探新领域，使中国煤成气储量从其前仅占天然气总储量9％提高到目前的70％；在大气田形成的半定量和定量主控因素及天然气聚集区带研究基础上，提前4～11a预测出中国目前11个探明储量在1000×10^8m^3以上大气田中的7个；飞仙关组气藏气源具有多样性，推测川北巴中地区存在一个龙潭组煤成气生气中心，是发现煤成气大气田的有利地区。

In the recent decade, great development has been made in natural gas industry. By the end of 2007, the total proved geological reserves of natural gas is 6 × 10^12 m^3. At the same time, the increase rate of annual production gets greater and greater. From the 100× 10^8 m^3/year in 1976 to 500× 10^8 m^3/year in 2005, the required time for an increase of 100× 10^8 m^3 is 20 years, 5 years, 3 years and 1 year, respectively. The significances of studies on natural gas geology and geochemistry are： in the 1970s, it was proposed that coal measure be good gas source rocks and that the coal measure hydrocarbon generation be dominated by gas generation with some oil generation, which opens new opportunity for coal gas exploration and makes coal gas increase from 9% to 70% in the total natural gas in China; according to studies on the semiquantitative and quantitative controlling factors on large gas fields formation and natural gas accumulation zones, 7 out of 11 large gas fields of more than 1 000 × 10^8 m^3 was predicted in advance by 4-11 years; the gas sources of Feixianguan Formation accumulations are various, and we expect that there is a coal gas generation center from gongtan Formation in Bazhong, north Sichuan, which is favourable for large coal gas fields.