论合理的高等教育发展规模

ON THE REASONABLE SCALE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF HIGHER EDUCATION

高等教育是一种既具有投资性又具有消费性的特殊物品,其需求至少可划分为"个人需求"和"社会需求"两个层次。从需求和发展的角度看,什么是合理的高等教育规模,至少存在两大判断标准:在经济短缺阶段,高等教育的发展应以社会经济发展对教育的有效需求为依据;在经济相对过剩阶段,高等教育的发展应是以个人家庭需求为依据,其规模可以大于社会经济发展对高等教育的需求。

Higher education is a special item which is an investment and has the consumer. Its demand can at least be divided into two levels： ＂personal needs＂ and ＂social needs＂. There are at least two major criteria as to what is the reasonable scale of higher education viewed from the angles of needs and development： at the stage when economy is gloomy, the development of higher education should be based on the demand of socio - economic development for education ; when economy is at a stage of relative surplus , the development of higher education should be based on the needs of individual family and its size can be larger than the needs of socio -economic development for higher education.